Antonie Luyendijk-Elshout was a professor in the history of medicine at Leiden University. She was the first female medical historian in the Netherlands and wrote extensively and meticulously on the history of early modern medicine. Her work on early modern anatomy and physiology is still standard in the field. Most notably, her annotated translation of Herman Boerhaave’s orations (which she compiled together with Elze Kegel- Brinkgreve) is a standard work on the bookshelves of many. Yet, even though she is one of the Netherlands’ medical historical giants, along with Gerrit Arie Lindeboom, she has almost been forgotten. This prize commemorates her important contributions to the field.